Memphis and Saqqara
Memphis, situated 20 miles south of modern day Cairo, was the first capital of ancient Egypt founded in the era of the Old Kingdom (dynasties 3-6) The site is over 5000 years old so little of the actual city remains.
The city of Memphis was known for its grand temples and palaces, many of which were built by some of the most famous pharaohs in history, such as Ramesses II and III. Memphis reached pre-eminence in the 3rd Dynasty and the huge royal pyramid tombs of this period, in the necropolises of Memphis, confirm this.
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